Detector condenser



J. J. AURYNGER DETECTOR CONDENSER Aug. 1, 1928.

Filed Feb. 24, 1922 Fiyi? Fig.4 I

WITNESSES I QJWNTOR.

Patented 1 JOHN :rms AUBYNGER. or nnooxny n, new Yonx.

" DETECTOR CONDENSER.

Application filed February 24, 1922. Serial No. 539,002.

The invention is a condenser plate for the wireless device mentioned in Letters Patent for detector-condensers #1,.359,310,' dated Nov. 16, 1920. The oscillations in the detector condenser can be increased. In order fora detector to act as an amplifier of radio frequency oscillations the detector must have extraordinary oscillation qualities. The object of this invention is an improved condenser plate which produces oscillations in the detector.

This invention is related to vacuum tubes in that there are three electrodes, namely: a place where the current enters and a place where the current leaves the tube which is tional cold filament or a second plate thisinvention brings out the action of a condenser under magnetic influences.

The condenser action in-a vacuum has been described in the specification of my previous patent for detector-condensers. The electric charges leak off from the edges of the plates through the surrounding dielectric. broad surfaces of the plates are parallel with the filament which sets up electromagnetic induction in the plates.

It has been found that a perforated metal plate increases the area acted upon by electromagnetic induction and more lines of force pass through the perforated plates than when a solid metal plate is used. The area of the dielectric is increased also. principle is thevsame as when a condenser plate is divided into several parts with a dielectric between the parts.

The chief source of eddy currents in the condenser plates is the electromagnetic induction from the filament. When the conducting surfaces of the condenser plates are discontinuous there is no possibility of the eddy currents forming in the plates. A perforated condenser plate destroys the local currents set up in the plates by induction.

In a condenser there are always two elements, one positive and the other negative. The tendency of radio frequency oscillations is for the current to pass over the surfaces of the plates. The positive and negative condenser plates are known technically as electrodes.

The

The

The threeelectrode vacuum tube corresponds with a two condenser detector-condenser. The advantages of the three electrode device and the two condenser detectorcondenser is the superposition of the radio frequency oscillations. The dielectric is a vacuum. The oscillations in the tube are increased due to the elimination of some of the plates and the concentration of the electric charges on the plates.

The number of positive and negative plates is unlimited. There are three ways of connecting the condenser plates with the tern'iinals, namely, connecting the plates in parallel where all the positive plates are connected to one terminal and all the negative plates are connected to another terminal: a separate terminal for each element and by the superposition of the electric charges as described above.

The benefits obtained from 5 and 6 elements having separate terminals over the ordinary plate and grid elements of vacuum tubes is that two or more vacuum tubes can be combined in one tube by providing enough extra elements which will serve for the additional grids and plates which go to make up one vacuum tube.

The condenser will act as a detector with any reasonable spacing between the plates. There are points in spacing between which the. tube will oscillate as'a condenser does oscillate; an oscillating condenser is an addi tional advantage in the detector.

The perforations in metallic plates are not limited to small circular holes but may be any size and shape. A number of such perforations change the plate into a grating, the benefits being derived from which are a series of conducting points and a dis tributed capacity. l

Referring to the accompanying drawing. Figure 1 shows the perforated plates in the form of flat rings. The plates maybe made of some metal as nickel or an alloy as Monel metal which resists the deleterious effects due to the nearness of the plates to the filament. The plates are fastened to strong conducting wires at intervals. The ends of the supporting wires are fastened to the terminals and fused in the glass.

Figure 2 represents a cross section View of supporting wire at the top and forms the terminal 0 atone end. The en porting wire and the filament are enclosed by the condenser.

Figure 3 represents the perforated metal plates arranged as two condensers in what is technically known as the three electrode type. The superposed radio frequency oscillations make m a condenser with both is and l. The three plates is, Z, and m have separate terminals. Each element may consist of several plates joined to the same terminal as shown in the drawing.

A novel use can be made of the independent plate 122.. Without electrical connections the plate m will screen and isolate the electrical effects caused by terminals a and b.

Figure 4 represents a two condenser device where the positive and negative ele ments have separate terminals. The surface of an element is increased when the element is divided into several plates and each plate separated by the dielectric.

Figure 5 represents a perforated metal plate which may be bent into a cylindrical form and is in all other respects similar to the ring form of plates,

It is sometimes found convenient to increase the action of the grid in a standard circuit. An extra grid may be provided with a separate terminal as in Fig. 3. When it is desired to increase the anode plate action another plate with separate terminal may also be added. In Fig. 4 there are represented an extra grid and an extra plate. By using different standard circuits as for a two tube detector circuit instead of the standard single tube detector circuit, an extra grid and plate as described in this invention may take the place of an extra tube detector which it is a duplicate of.

I claim:

1. A vacuum tube device for detecting and amplifying wireless electric waves, comprising an evacuated vessel, an independent filament therein, a plurality of plate elements of positive and negative polarity and con gruent groups of said metallic plates in alignment and spaced apart from each other surrounding said filament, each of said plates and group of said plates having a plurality of radial perforations in parallel concentric relation with each other, arranged to form a succession of positive and negative series of said plates.

2. A vacuum tube device for detecting and amplifying wireless electric waves, comprising an evacuated vessel, a filament therein, a plurality of groups of metallic plates spaced apart from each other and in alignment parallel with and surrounding said filament, arranged in parallel concentric relation with each other, said plates being joined to form alternate and consecutive groups.

3. A vacuum tube device for detecting and amplifying wireless electric waves, comprising an evacuated vessel, a filament therein, a plurality of groups of metallic plates spaced apart from each other in parallel con centric relation with each other and at right angles to and surrounding said filament, said plates being joined to form alternate and consecutive groups.

JOHN JAMES AURYNGER. 

